Title:
Torrefaction of Olive Stones in a Rotary Kiln
Author(s):
San Miguel, G., Sanginés, P.
Document(s):
Paper
Poster
Abstract:
This paper investigates the torrefaction of olive stones in a laboratory scale rotary furnace. The process was conducted at temperatures between 150-300ºC and residence times between 0 and 60 minutes. Product yields (gas, solids and condensable oils) were determined gravimetrically for each experimental condition. The olive stones and the torrefied solids were characterized for their chemical, physical, fuel and thermal characteristics in order to optimize upgrading conditions. The experimental results show optimum torrefaction at 300 ºC and 15 minutes residence time. The torrefaction process resulted in a notable reduction of the O/ and H/C ratios (comparable to bituminous coals), increase in fixed carbon content, reduced volatile fraction and moisture content (39.0 wt%, 59.4 wt% and 0.6 wt% in the sample produced at 300 ºC and 15 min). Furthermore, torrefaction also caused an increase in the heating value (LHV/HHV) and energy density of the resulting solids (24.2/23.0 MJ/kg and 16.2 GJ/m3, respectively). The effect of torrefaction on apparent density of the solid was limited.
Keywords:
biomass, pyrolysis, torrefaction, residual, olive stones
Topic:
R&D on Processes for Solid, Liquid and Gaseous Fuels from Biomass
Subtopic:
Advanced solid biofuels
Event:
21st European Biomass Conference and Exhibition
Session:
3CV.1.12
Pages:
1462 - 1468
ISBN:
978-88-89407-53-0
Paper DOI:
10.5071/21stEUBCE2013-3CV.1.12
Price:
FREE
