Paper details

Title:

Nematicidal Potential of Biomass

Author(s):

Sharma, A., Sharma, S., Naik, S.N.

Document(s):

Abstract:

Plant­parasitic nematodes obligatorily feed on plant tissue. They cause serious damage to many crops worldwide. Their damages have exceeded $10 billion per year in the United States. Symptoms of nematode infection include poor plant development and growth, stunting, early decline, wilting, chlorosis, symptoms usually associated with nutritional and water deficiencies or excesses, susceptibility to other pathogens and, occasionally, plant death. In modern era continuing problems by the use of chemical nematicides have introduced a sense of urgency into research for alternative methods of nematodes management such as physical methods (soil solarisation) and biological methods (cultural practices, resistant cultivars, biocontrol agents and use of biomass as organic amendments). Subsequent to recognition of the potential of amendments to control plant­parasitic nematodes, various agricultural biomass such as green manures, vegetable and fruit remains and dried crop residues in general, and industrial by­products such as oilseed cake, cellulosic wastes, sugarcane bagasse and blackstrap molasses have been evaluated. The addition of biomass also provides nutrient sources to plants as well as energy source for facultative nematode parasites, such as some fungi. In the present study various types of oil cakes such as neem (Azadirachta indica), Karanja (Pongamia glabra) and Jatropha (Jatropha curcus) were evaluated for their nematicidal potential against root­knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. It was observed that the crude bioactive constituents of respective cakes were not that strong nematicidal as aqueous extract indicating that killing of nematodes may be not due to the principle active ingredients. Amongst the aqueous extract of oil cakes, jatropha aqueous extract proved to be best nematicidal followed by neem and karanja. The water soluble fractions of Jatropha cake at cent percent concentration reduced the egg hatching by 87.4% after week incubation and caused 96.94% juvenile mortality after 48 hours of incubation.

Keywords:

biomass, jatropha curcas, oil cakes, aqueous extract

Topic:

Biomass Resources

Subtopic:

Biomass potentials and cost of resources

Event:

19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition

Session:

VP1.1.34

Pages:

401 - 403

ISBN-13:

978-88-89407-55-4

ISBN-10:

88-89407-55-7

Paper DOI:

10.5071/19thEUBCE2011-VP1.1.34

Price:

FREE