Title:
Potential Benefits to the Environment by Integrating Winter Camelina in Current Cropping Systems of the Northern Great Plains of the Usa
Author(s):
Berti, M.T., Yan, G., Samarappuli, D., Peterson, A., Wittenberg, A., Anderson, J.V.
Document(s):
Paper
Abstract:
Camelina sativa, (L.) Crantz is a marketable oilseed feedstock for biofuels and bioproducts. In addition to being an oilseed commodity, winter-annual biotypes of camelina are also being evaluated in northern climates of the USA for ecosystem benefits associated with improving soil health, suppressing weeds and soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines) populations, and providing early-season nutritional sources for pollinators. Winter camelina biotypes can be intersown into maize and soybean crops allowing for a third crop option in maize-soybean rotations without increasing indirect land use. The objectives of this study were to determine the potential of winter camelina to remove soil nitrate and reduce SCN populations when intersown into soybean. Experiments were conducted at two locations in North Dakota from 2016 to 2018. For the nutrient cycling experiment, winter camelina cv. Joelle, rye (Secale cereale L.), winter pea (Pisum sativum L.), and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) were intersown into soybean at the R4 and R6 stages. For the SCN study, brown mustard (Brassica juncea cv. Kodiak), crambe (Crambe abyssinica cv. Westhope), and winter camelina were intersown into a SCN-susceptible and a SCN-resistant soybean at the V6 stage of soybean. Results indicate that intersowing winter camelina did not have an impact on soybean yield in both experiments. Fall soil residual NO3-N levels were lowest in the plots with camelina ranging from 21 to 32 kg N/ha and highest in check plots without camelina at 62 kg N/ha. Soybean cyst nematode counts were highly variable in the plots at the beginning of the season. In Prosper, ND, SCN numbers increased in the SCN-susceptible variety in all treatments except in the treatment intersown with camelina, which reduced the SCN numbers by 38% compared with the initial SCN numbers on plots sown to camelina. In the resistant variety, SCN numbers decreased in all treatments regardless of the initial SCN population, however camelina reduced SCN numbers by 29% from the initial SCN population. Intersowing winter camelina appears to have potential to mitigate soil erosion and nitrate losses, and to reduce SCN populations in areas that grow soybean as a cash crop.
Keywords:
winter camelina, intersowing, soybean cyst nematode, nitrate scavenging
Topic:
Biomass Resources
Subtopic:
Integrated biomass production for energy purposes
Event:
27th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition
Session:
1CO.5.4
Pages:
131 - 136
ISBN:
978-88-89407-19-6
Paper DOI:
10.5071/27thEUBCE2019-1CO.5.4
Price:
FREE
