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Title:

Early Release of NH3 from Nitrogen Rich Fuels - A TG-FTIR Study

Author(s):

Widman, S., Boström, D., Öhman, M., Broström, M.

Document(s):

Paper Paper

Poster Poster

Abstract:

Release and transformation mechanisms of nitrogen during thermal fuel conversion are important for environmental reasons. Release of NH3, HCN and HNCO from three different fuel samples (dried digested domestic sewage sludge, wheat distillers dried grain with solubles mixed with wheet straw, and rapeseed cake mixed with bark) with high nitrogen contents were investigated in this study. Samples were heated in a nitrogen flow in a thermobalance coupled to a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Thereby time and temperature resolved release profiles for the nitrogen compounds were collected. By comparing FTIR signals (compound specific peaks) with weight loss rates it was possible to determine if the release patterns and mechanisms were different depending on raw material. The nitrogen was found to be released mainly in the form of NH3 for all three samples. Sewage sludge showed a somewhat different release profile where NH3 constituted a larger part of the weight loss at lower temperatures. For the biomass samples the NH3 release correlated well to the overall mass loss, indicating it was more evenly distributed in the gas evolving during conversion. The results are of importance for the research on nitrogen release and transformations and for the efforts on finding possible measures to reduce problems related to NOx formation.

Keywords:

ammonia, controlled release, NOx emissions, sewage sludge, thermochemical conversion, chemical composition

Topic:

R&D on Biomass Conversion Technologies for Heating, Electricity and Chemicals

Subtopic:

Pyrolysis and other biomass liquefaction technologies

Event:

21st European Biomass Conference and Exhibition

Session:

2CV.4.33

Pages:

974 - 976

ISBN:

978-88-89407-53-0

Paper DOI:

10.5071/21stEUBCE2013-2CV.4.33

Price:

FREE